Karate & Japan

Dojo, training & travels

Lessons re-learned on the dojo floor, the books that shaped the journey, the dojos and dan tests along the way, and a few favourite places in Japan.

Collage of photographs from Michael Busha’s early years in karate, centred on an instructor in front of a Japanese flag

Best Training Points

A new “best training point”

Here I will occasionally upload what I think to be a special lesson at our dojo. This will be a personal statement and will reflect something that caused a “light bulb moment” for me. It does not mean it had the same effect on the entire class. Or that it will mean the same to you.

I’m having fun, after many years training, learning (or re-learning) things that make my karate better. Everyone is different. What I learned today (and probably I just did not pay attention years ago) is not necessarily what you will find mind boggling. It is my journey and what I experienced in my regular three times a week training at the dojo and daily training at home.

I will try to upload videos or stills once in a while to help make my point.

Brush the kneesUshiro geri — the back kick

Learned this probably my first year of practicing karate (1978) like everyone else. But through the years I’ve become sloppy, therefore effectiveness of this powerful kick has suffered. I’m talking about the ushiro geri (back kick). Sensei Brewer at the Pekin dojo was kind enough to re-enlighten me and lately I have been having fun catching my training partners with it.

When practicing the kick, be sure to spin (either clockwise or counterclockwise — depending on which leg is kicking) quickly and without coming up in your stance, pivoting on the non-kicking foot. At the end of the spin around, your feet should be together, making your knees touch as you thrust out with the kicking leg. If your knees touch before the kick, the kick will be on target and will not miss off to one side or the other. Conversely, if the knees do not touch, the kick can easily be off to the side of the target, at best allowing for a glancing blow to the target. At worst missing the target completely.

It is important also to try to look at your target before executing the spin. It is not necessary to see clearly but to just know where the target is. If you catch a view of the target and brush your knees during the delivery, the kick will find its mark quite easily.

Remember, the heel is the part of the foot that should make contact with the target, not the ball of the foot or the toes! And try not to bend forward (away from the target) too much. Think entering the target.

Please practice the above on your heavy bag (you do have one, right?).

Keep a tight fist!How to make a fist — and keep it

First of all — for beginners — here is how to make a fist.

  1. Start with open hand.
  2. Curl the fingers inward, starting with the little finger. The intent is to have the tip of each finger end up just about where the callous usually forms. You may have to push the finger tips to make this happen at first.
  3. Roll the rest of the hand a bit and then “lock” the fingers with the thumb at a point close to the first knuckles of the index and middle fingers.
  4. You should now have a 90 degree angle formed by the top of the hand and the first knuckle to second knuckle expanse. It is with this “square” surface that you make contact with a target (and only the index & middle finger surface, not the ring & little finger surface). Notice the position of the wrist. It is also straight, not bent upwards or downwards.
  5. When opening the hand, you should clearly see marks near the callous points where the finger tips have been “locked down”. This indicates correct fist formation.

Keep it tight…

Learned a long time ago (maybe my first lesson?) to make a tight fist. What I relearned recently is to always keep it tight (a heavy fist), even when relaxing the rest of the body. This makes it much easier & faster to attack when necessary than if the hands were relaxed or open. It also helps form muscle memory in the hands, creating a more automatic fist when needed if the hands are open or relaxed (which should only be advanced students, right?).

If you practice keeping the fist tight, you will soon notice a difference in your state of readiness. Keeping your fist tight requires many of the arm and wrist muscles to become stronger and more toned, making your entire fist, arm extension a better weapon. I noticed it after just a few hours of training.

My Karate Library

You must read

Training in the martial arts is important. You must know how to block a punch or kick and you must know how to throw a punch or kick. These things you practice every time you go to the dojo and when you practice at home (you do practice at home, don’t you?).

You must know that when you reach a point where you think you cannot continue, you are just out of breath or out of spirit — you must know that you can continue and that you can protect your family and yourself from the bad guys of the world. Hard training both in and out of the dojo will help you understand this point.

But if you train real hard and become a high level karateka, you must also understand other things. You must understand how to avoid violent situations before they occur. You must understand how to suppress your ego. You must understand that different people have different levels of tolerance, frustration and anger. You cannot control the attitudes and behavior of others. You can, however, learn to adjust your own behavior accordingly. To be flexible enough within your own mental and spiritual being to change the direction of confrontation. To avoid it altogether or to stop it before it escalates.

To do these things, however, requires more study than what you receive at most dojos. You must read. You must read the stories and experiences of others. That way you can have a deeper grasp of the direction that violence can take. You can also learn how to react in situations that may require the utmost tact on your part.

I hope you have read some of these books. If not, please consider buying them or borrowing them. You will be amazed at how different you will feel afterwards.

TitleAuthorSubjectPublisherISBNYear
A Sustainable Karate-kaScott LangleyContinue to Grow in Your Karate LifeMason Publishing978-1-78846-263-12022
Karate EmpoweredRick L. BrewerBecoming Empowered Through KarateEmpire Books978-1-949753-32-52021
Never Heel UpMichael BushaKarate as Effective Therapy for LifeAmazon Press978-0-578-49364-02020
Chasing BushidoRichard AmosAmos Sensei's Pursuit of BushidoOutskirt's Press978-1-9772-2222-02020
Shu-Ha-RiScott LangleyCollection of Thirty-Five Articles on KarateMason Press978-1-7206807412018
Karate InsightsRick L. BrewerLessons for LifeEmpire Books978-1-949753-00-42018
Karate CleverScott LangleyBuilding a New OrganizationMason Press978-1-911013-5492016
Karate StupidScott LangleyInstructor's CourseScott Langley978-1-7830-1346-32013
RedemptionMichael ClarkePersonal Memoir-Pursuit of BudoYMAA Publication Center978-1-59439-378-52016
Karate Do Kyōhan-The Master TextFunakoshi GichinA Classic by the FounderKodansha0-87011-190-61973
Karate Do-My Way of LifeFunakoshi GichinMemoirs of the MasterKodansha0-87011-241-41975
Karate Do Nyūmon-The Master IntroductoryTextFunakoshi GichinAnother Classic by the Founder
"I picture a group of us sitting cross legged around a low table in a cozy room sipping tea while I answer your questions about karate." Funakoshi Gichin
Kodansha978-4-7700-1891-51988
Conversations with the MasterRandell G. HassellInterview with Nakayama ShihanFocus Publications0-911921-00-11983
The Karate Experience- A Way of LifeRandell G. HassellGetting What You Want Out of KarateCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-1348-51980
Shotokan Karate-Its History & EvolutionRandell G. HassellShotokan History & Funakoshi's LifeFocus Publications0-911921-05-21984
The East/West Approaches-Anatomy to Body/Mind Therapy of ChangeRichard Strozzzi HecklerUsing Energies & Physical States to Overcome Obstacles During Times of Change & ConfusionShambhala0-87773-294-91984
Karate-Sychronization of Body & MindSugiyama ShojiroInstructions by Sugoyama SenseiSugiyamaNA1977
Traditional Karatedo-Performances of the Kata-Okinawa Goju Ryu, Vol 2Higaonna MorioKata InstructionKodansha0-87040-596-91986
Fundamental Techiques-Goju RyuHigaonna MorioFundamentalsKodansha0-87040-595-01985
Bushido-The Warrior's CodeNitobe InazoBalance of Justice, Courage, Benevolence, Politeness, Veracity, Honor, Education & Training at the Turn of the Century Japan.Ohara Publications0-89750-031081979
The Spirit of AikidoUeshiba KisshōmaruDynamic Life Based On Unity of Universal & Personal KiKodansha770-1100-8 (Japan)
0-87011-600-2 (USA)
1984
Secret Fighting Arts of the WorldJohn F. Gilbey"Secret" Fighting TechniquesCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-1608-51963
The Way of a WarriorJohn F. GilbeyTravels & TrainingNorth Atlantic Books0-938190-03021982
Women in the Martial Arts-A New Spirit RisingLinda AtkinsonEight Accomplished Women Martial ArtistsDodd, Mead & Company0-396-08223-81983
Get to Grips with KarateBryan Evans w/Ronnie ChristopherWritten for BeginnersBlandford0-7137-2556-71995
Autumn Lightening-The Education of an American SamuraiDave LowryDave Lowry's Apprenticeship in SwordmanshipShambhala0-87773-305-81985
Bokken-Art of Japanese SwordDave LowryIntroduction to BoOhara0-89750-104-71986
The Best of Dave Lowry-Karate Way ColumnsDave LowryBlack Belt Magazine StoriesOhara10-89750-148-92005
Translation Essays on the Japanese Martial Arts & WaysDave LowryAspects of BudoCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-3432-6—
The Karate Way-Discovering the Spirit of PracticeDave LowryPractice, Philosophy and Culture of KarateShambhala978-59030-647-52009
Shotokan Karate-Free Fighting TechniquesC. Mack & Enoeda K.Kumite TechniquesPaldin PressNA1974
Kodokan Judo-A Guide to ProficiencyEditorial (Kodokan)Wonderfully Illustrated TextKodanshaNA1963
Karate MastersJose M. FraguasInterviews with MastersUnique Publications0-86568-188-02001
Warrior Athelete-Body, Mind & SpiritDan MillmanSelf TransformationStill Point Publishing0-913299-22071979
Way of the Peaceful Warrior-A Book that Changes LivesDan MillmanSocrates & Joy Guide DanH.J. Kramer0-915811-00-61980
Saced Journey of the Peaceful WarriorDan MillmanFour Years after Training with SocratesH.J. Kramer0-915811-34-01991
No Ordinary Moments-A Peaceful Warrior's Guide to Daily LifeDan MillmanTurning Intentions into Actions; Changing Ourselves can Change the WorldH.J. Kramer0-915811-40-51992
The Journeys of SocratesDan MillmanExcellent Story-Lots of LessonsHarpers0-06-075023-52005
Zen & the Art of Street Fighting-True Battles of the Modern Day WarriorJack SabatGood Stories of Real FightsFrog Ltd.1-883319-45-51996
The Fighting Spirit of JapanE.J. HarrisonMartial Arts & the SpiritThe Overlook Press0-879951-142-21955
The Martial Arts & Real Life-A Book of Fighting for the 21st CenturyFred VillariInstructional ManualQuill0-688-05248-71985
Know Karate Do-Your Body is Your WeaponBryn WilliamsDealing with ViolenceBerkely Publishing425-03487-91975
Karate is a Thing of the SpiritHarry crewsGreat StoryQuill0-688-02372-x—
Moving Zen-Karate as a way to GentlenessC.W. NicolClassic book-had much impact on my eventual relocation to Japan.Quill0-688-02871-31975
The Way of KarateGeorge E. MattsonTraining Mind & BodyCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-0624-11963
Women in AikidoAndrea SiegelInterviews with Women Black BeltsNorth Atlantic Books1-55643-161-91993
Bo-Karate Weapon of Self DefenseDemura FumioInstructional Text by Demura SenseiOhara0-89750-019-91976
Zen CombatJay GluckBody & Mind ControlBallantine Books0-345-25030-2-1751962
The Judo InstructorM.G. HarveyCaptain Harvey's Experience in JudoEmerson BooksLIC-58-89001958
Samadhi-Self Development in Zen, Swordmanship and PsychotherapyMike SayamaPart 1-Self Realization in Zen Buddhism
Part 2-Zen Therapy
State University of New York0-88706-147-81986
Ki in Daily LifeTohei KoichiPrinciples of KiKi no Kenkyu Kai H.Q. Japan (Kodansha)0-87040-436-91980
KiatsuTohei KoichiKiatsu RyohoKi no Kenkyu Kai H.Q. Japan (Kodansha)0-87040-536-51983
What the Masters Know-The Science & Psychology of Strategic FightingPaul MaslakLogistics & Tactics of Group AssaultUnique Publications—1980
The Secret Power Within-Zen Solutions to Real ProblemsChuck NorrisHow Zen Can Help us Achieve Spiritual Tranquility & Self ConfidenceBroadway Books0-553-06908-x1996
Living the Martial Way-A Manual for the Way a Modern Warrior Should ThinkForest E. Morgan"On the street, little people don't attack big people; it's always the other way around." One of the best books I've read that explains certain realities of training. Please read this one!Barricade Books0-942637061-51992
Bushido-Way of the SamuraiTranslated from Hagakure by Tanaka MinoruTranslation from the Japanese ClassicSun Publications0-89540-009-x1975
Sword of No BladeJoan BaxterJoan Writes Stories from her Travels and Experiences with Martial ArtistsSamuel Weiser0-87728-748-11992
Martial Arts Movies-From Bruce Lee to the Ninjas. An Illustrated IntroductionRichard Meyers, Amy Harlib & Bill & Karen PalmerGiven to me by my good friend Paul Cipywnyk at the Student House in Takadanobaba, Tokyo in 1992. Wonderful Photos from Movie Clips. Thanks Paul!Citadel Press0-8065-0950-31985
Aikido & The Dynamic Sphere-An Illustrated IntroductionA. Westbrook & O. RattiNeutralize ann Agressor and Render an Attack HarmlessCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-0004-91970
Samurai ZenScott ShawZen TechniquesWeiser Books1-57863-104-11999
A Path to Liberation-A Spritual & Philosophical Approach to the Martial ArtsHerman KauzMartial Arts as a Proving ground for the SpiritOverlook Press0-87951-423-x1992
The Textbook of Modern KarateOkazaki Teruyuki & Milorad StricevicClassic Instructional Text with Plenty of science to back it upKodansha0-87011-461-11984
Perfection of Character-Guiding Principles for the Martial Arts & Everyday LifeOkazaki TeruyukiSensei Discusses Dojo Kun & Niju KunGMW Publications978-0-9785763-2-52006
Martial Arts-The Spiritual DimensionPeter PayneStrength Arises from a Balance of Body, Breath & MindCrossroadLOC 81-668101981
Realistic Defensive TechniquesJohn G. PetersDefensive Tactics for PoliceReliapon Police Products0-935878-02-51981
The Art of KarateKubota TakPerceptions of the Grace, Commitment & Spirit of Karate. With Excellent PhotographyPeebles Press0-672-52331-01977
Karate BasicsRobin RiellyAs the Title Suggests-A Great Karate PrimerCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-3493-82003
Sword of No Sword-Life of the Master Warrior TesshuJohn StevensTesshu's Very Astute Observations of Politicians and Other RascalsShambhala0-87773-284-11984
Mind & Body- Like Bullet. Memoirs of a Life in Martial ArtsYaguchi YutakaGreat Stories from Yaguchi Sensei with Interviews.
Took an Autographed Copy of This Book to Give to Ueno Sensei at the Kobe Karate Club in Kobe, Japan.
Greenlight Communications978-1-57833-400-12008
Fear Into Anger-A Manual of Self Defense for WomenPy BatemanExcellent Technical Book for Both Sexes. Special Topics for WomenNelson Hall0-88229-441-5—
Shotokan Karate International Kata (Vol 1 & 2)Kanazawa HirokazuSensei Explains in 5 Languages!Ikeda Shoten2075-106851-0316 Japan)
2075-106852-0316 (Japan)
1981
1982
Karate In Action-Kata & Self defenseNakayama Masatoshi6 Volume Series. I have Only One!Kodansha0-87011-699-11985
Practical Karate-Book 4 (Armed Assailants) & Book 5 (For Women)Nakayama Masatoshi6 Part Series. I have Only 2!
Some real pioneers in western karate posed as "bad guys" for Nayayama Sensei.
Charles E. Tuttle0-8048-0484-0
0-8048-0485-0
1964
1965
Best KarateNakayama MasatoshiI think there are 11 books in this series. I have them all. Still the bible for JKA kata though other DVD medium has arrived on the scene.KodanshaPlease Google "Best Karate"From 1978
Spirit of the Empty HandStan SchmidtGreat stories & "setsumei" from Schmidt's Life in karateFocus Publications0-911921-00-21984
Common Sense Self Defense-7 Rules That Can Save Your Life for Men & WomenDavid Garcia & Stewart SmithGood Self Defense Techniques. Something to Learn Here.Hather Leigh Press1-57826-090-62002
The Shaolin Way-10 Modern Secrets of Survival from a Shaolin Kung Fu GrandmasterSteve DemarcoA Good Life Story of a Person Learning to Deal with His AngerHarpers0-06-057456-92005
The Martial ArtsSusan Ribner & Richard ChinAnecdotes & Explanations of Various Martial ArtsHarper Trophy0-06-024999-41978
The SamuraiEndo Shusaku (Translated by Van Gessel)Early 17th Century Japan and European Budo HistoryFirst Adventure edition-Random House0-394-72726-61984
Zen in the Martial ArtsJoe HyamsVery Interesting Stories from a Beverly Hills ResidentJ. P Tarcher0-87477-114-51979
The Demonstration of Gentleness-Ju No KataKano Jigoro & T. P. LeggettWonderful Photos of Kano SenseiW. Foul SghanNA1964
Meeting Force With SilenceDr. Terry ChitwoodPsychology of Martial ArtsPolestar Publications0-942044-03-71985
How To Defend Yourself Without Even TryingDr. Terry ChitwoodPsychology of Martial ArtsPolestar Publications0-942044-00-21981
Angry White PajamasRobert TwiggerA Fun Story of Entering the Tokyo Riot Police Aikido Class. I attended this dojo for about 6 months.Quill0-688-17537-61997
Spike and Chain-Japanese Fighting ArtsCharles V. GruzanskiSome Brutal Weapon TechniquesCharles E. Tuttle0-8048-0540-71997
What Is JudoKodokanVery Old Book I Found in Kanda , Tokyo. You'll Never Find This. I'm Lucky!Kodokan, TokyoNA1947
Shotokan's Secret-The Hidden Truth Behind Karate's Fighting OriginsBruce ClaytonLots of Speculation and Liberties Taken. But Some Very Good, Scholarly Investigation as well.Ohara0-89750-144-62004
Bow to Life-365 Secrets from the Martial Arts for Daily LifeJoseph CardilloFocus, concentrate and connect with your core energy.Marlowe & Company978-1-56924-308-42006
The Dance of Becoming-Living Life as a Martial ArtStuart HellerAn intergration of ideas and practical exercises.North Atlantic Books1-55643-110-41991
Clouds in the West-Lessons from the Martial Arts of JapanDave LowryThe essence of traditional martial arts.Lyons Press1-59228-590-22004

Dojo Journey

The dojos and the tests

  1. 1982

    Saginaw Street Dojo

    Michigan

    Group photo of the Saginaw Street Dojo karateka in front of American and Japanese flags, 1982
  2. 2007

    San-dan test · The Ohio State University

    Judges: Okazaki Sensei & Vaughan Sensei · Kata choice: Sochin

    The sparring portion of my san-dan test — about two minutes.

    Michael Busha performing kata Sochin in a gymnasium during his san-dan test Michael Busha in a low stance during kata, with an American flag behind Michael Busha mid-technique during his san-dan kata The two judges seated at a table in front of a Japanese flag
  3. 2007–08

    Kobe YMCA Wellness Center

    JKA Kobe · Uno Sensei · My dojo for most of 2007 & 2008

    Just some of the great karateka at the Kobe dojo — August 2008. Read the full story in Meeting Uno Sensei at JKA Kobe.

    Michael Busha with five karateka from the Kobe dojo Karateka training across the wooden floor of the Kobe YMCA Pairs practicing kumite in the Kobe dojo Michael Busha sparring with a Kobe karateka Close exchange during sparring at the Kobe dojo
  4. 2009–now

    My dojo · Pekin, Illinois YWCA

    Central Illinois Shotokan Karate Association

    Sensei Rick Brewer & Sensei James Hartman. An excellent dojo with superb instructors and a great group of karateka. Affiliated with the American Shotokan Karate Alliance — Sensei Randall Hassell.

  5. 2011

    Yon-dan test · December 10, 2011

    Delaware, Ohio · Mid-America Region ISKF

    Judges: Okazaki Teruyuki Shihan and Martin Vaughan Sensei. Kata choice — Sochin.

Japan

Kanazawa, November 2019

A pine tree leaning over a still pond in Kenroku-en garden

Kenroku-en

On our most recent trip to Japan in November 2019 we visited Kenroku-en, one of the top three traditional gardens in Japan, on a beautiful, sunny day. We walked from our hotel in Kanazawa to Kenroku-en and frolicked in the park all day, meeting and having wonderful conversation with people from all over the world, all of them just as happy as we were.

A narrow lane between old wooden buildings beside the Yamato Shoyu chimney

Yamato Shoyu

We also visited the Yamato Shoyu (soy sauce) factory and showroom and tasted multiple variations and formulations, all great.

Michael Busha practicing kata on a gravel courtyard outside a temple wall

Port Ono Karakuri Museum

From there, we walked about two miles to the Japan Sea, to the Port Ono Karakuri Museum where we saw Karakuri puppets, complete with their mechanical systems visible. I was so impressed just walking around the city with the temples and shrines still intact that I had to do some kata outside the gates of one of the temples. Felt like going back in time.